"Hypertension" is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. It is referred to a condition in which the arteries have persistently elevated blood pressure.
Every time the heart beats, it pushes more blood into the arteries which the causes the pressure to rise. The pressure decreases in between beats when the heart is resting.
Hypertension is the leading cause of stroke and a major cause of heart attack.
Causes of Hypertension –
The cases are not known in most of the cases. The several factors which can cause high blood pressure are:
1. Obesity or being overweight
2. Sedentary lifestyle
3. Lack of exercise
4. Smoking
5. High levels of salt intake
6. Family history of high blood pressure
7. Stress
8. Too much of alcohol consumption
How Is Blood Pressure Measured?
Blood pressure is measured by a device called Sphygmomanometer.The blood pressure readings have two readings which are shown as one number on top of the other number. They are measured in mmHg which mean millimetres of mercury.
The first and higher of the two readings is the systolic pressure. ‘Systolic’ refers to the blood pressure when the heart beats while pumping blood. ‘Diastolic’ refers to the blood pressure when the heart is at rest in between beats.
According to the American Heart Association, the normal blood pressure readings are below 120/80 mmHg.
Blood pressure can vary from time to time. It rises when you are excited, active or nervous. If you were to check your blood pressure immediately after you have ran or jogged for five kms or after you have delivered a speech, the readings would seem high. You do not need to panic as it is natural for blood pressure to raise and fall with changes in activity or emotional state.
People with blood pressure readings of 140/90 or higher, taken on at least two occasions, are said to have high blood pressure. If the pressure remains high, your doctor will probably begin treatment.
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